Selected Publications

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C. F. Chyba, K. P. Hand, and T. H. Chyba (2025). Experimental Demonstration of Electric Power Generation from Earth's Rotation Through Its Own Magnetic Field. Physical Review Research 7, 013285.

A. Siraj, C. F. Chyba, and S. Tremaine (2025). Orbit of a Possible Planet X. The Astrophysical Journal 978: 139 (12pp), 2025 January 10.

E. Flowers and C. F. Chyba (2023). Shock Synthesis of Organic Molecules by Meteoroids in the Atmosphere of TitanThe Planetary Science Journal 4:127 (12pp), 2023 July, https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/acdfc9.

C. H. Minns, E. M. C. Louden, and C. F. Chyba (2022). Spore Survival During Abrasive Saltation on Mars: A Comment on Bak et al. Astrobiology 22 (9), 1-3.

C. F. Chyba and K. P. Hand (2021). Internal-Current Lorentz-Force Heating of Astrophysical ObjectsAstrophysical Journal Letters 922, L38. 

C. F. Chyba, C. K. Cassel, S. L. Graham, J. P. Holdren, E. Penhoet, W. H. Press, M. Savitz, and H. Varmus (2021). Create a Covid-19 CommissionScience 374, 932-935.

K. P. Hand, C. B. Phillips, C. Chyba et al. (March 2021). On the Past, Present, and Future Role of Biology in NASA's Exploration of the Solar System. Bulletin of the American Atronomical Society 53 (4) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/25c2cfeb.1f3849db

C. F. Chyba, K. P. Hand and P. J. Thomas (2021). Magnetic Induction Heating of Planetary Satellites: Analytical Formulae and ApplicationsIcarus 360, 114360.

C. Chyba and E. Magistro (December 11, 2020). The President's Science Advisor Should Be a Full Member of the National Security Council and its Principals CommitteeWar on the Rocks

C. F. Chyba and K. P. Hand (2020). Reply to Comment on `Electric Power Generation from Earth's Rotation through its Own Magnetic Field'Physical Review Applied, 13, 028002.

C. F. Chyba (Spring 2020), New Technologies and Strategic StabilityDaedalus 149 (2), 150-170.

C. F. Chyba and R. Legvold (Spring 2020), Conclusion: Strategic Stability and Nuclear WarDaedalus 149 (2), 222-237.

R. Legvold and C. F. Chyba (Spring 2020),  “Introduction: The Search for Strategic Stability in a New Nuclear Era,” Daedalus Vol. 149 (2), pp. 6-16.

C. F. Chyba, W. Austin, J. P. Holdren, E. Lander, et al. (November 15, 2016).  PCAST Letter to the President on Preparing for Biological Threats.

C. F. Chyba and K. P. Hand (July 2016), Electric Power Generation from Earth’s Rotation Through its Own Magnetic FieldPhysical Review Applied, 6 (1).

C. F. Chyba, K. P. Hand, and P. J. Thomas (2015). Energy Conservation and Poynting's Theorem in the Homopolar Generator, American Journal of Physics 83 (1), 72-75.

C. F. Chyba and C. R. Milne, “Simple calculation of the critical mass for highly enriched uranium and plutonium-239,” American Journal of Physics, Vol. 82, No. 10 (October 2014), pp. 977-979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4885379

A. Nouri A. and C. F. Chyba (2012). DNA Synthesis Security. Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol 852, pp. 285-296.

 K. P. Hand, K. K. Khurana, and C. F. Chyba (2011), Joule Heating of the South Polar Terrain on EnceladusJournal of Geophysics Research: Planets 116 (E4).

Testimony of Christopher F. Chyba for the Hearing before the Subcommittee on Science and Space, Committee on Science, Commerce, and Transportation, on “Contributions of Space to National Imperatives,” United States Senate, 112th Congress, 1st session, May 18, 2011. 

W. B. Sparks, M. McGrath, K. Hand, H. C. Ford, P. Geissler, J. H. Hough, E. L. Turner, C. F. Chyba, R. Carlson, and M. Turnbull (2010). Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Europa In and Out of Eclipse, International Journal of Astrobiology, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 265-271.

R. Liemer and C. F. Chyba (July 2010).  A Verifiable Limited Test Ban for Anti-Satellite WeaponsThe Washington Quarterly, vol. 33, no. 3, 149-163.

C. F. Chyba, “The Hazy Details of Early Earth’s Atmosphere—Response,” Science, vol. 330 (5 November 2010), pp. 755-756.

C. F. Chyba, “Perspectives/Atmospheric Science: Countering the Early Faint Sun,” Science, vol. 328 (4 June 2010), pp. 1238-1239. 

C. Cleland and C. Chyba (2010).  "Does 'Life' Have a Definition?" in M. A. Bedau and C. E. Cleland, Eds., The Nature of Life: Classical and Contemporary Perspectives from Philosophy and Science (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press), pp. 326-339.

N. R. Augustine, W. M, Austin, B, I. Bejmuk, L. Chiao, C. Chyba, E. F, Crawley, J. Greason, C. F. Kennel, L. L. Lyles, and S. K. Ride (2009). Seeking a Human Spaceflight Program Worthy of a Great Nation.

C.F. Chyba and J.D. Crouch, “Understanding the U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy Debate,” The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 32, No. 3 (July 2009), pp. 21-36.

C. Chyba and A. Nouri, “Reply: Preventing the Misuse of Gene Synthesis,” Nature Biotechnology, vol. 27, no. 9 (September 2009), p. 801.

A. Nouri and C. F. Chyba (2009). Proliferation-resistant Biotechnology: An Approach to Improve Biological SecurityNature Biotechnology 27 (3), 234-236.

K. P. Hand, C. F. Chyba, J. C. Priscu, R. W. Carlson, and K. H. Nealson, “Astrobiology and the Potential for Life on Europa,” in R. Pappalardo, W. McKinnon, and K. Khurana, eds. Europa (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2009), pp. 589-629.

C.F. Chyba (December 2008), Time for a Systematic Analysis: U.S. Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear ProliferationArms Control Today 38 (10), 24-29.

L. R. Doyle, b. McCowan, S. F. Hanser, C. Chyba, T. Bucci, and J. E. Blue (2008) Applicability of Information Theory to the Quantification of Responses to Anthropogenic Noise by Southeast Alaskan Humpback WhalesEntropy 10 (2), 33-46.

A. Nouri and C.F. Chyba, “Biotechnology and Biosecurity,” in N. Bostrom and M.M. Cirkovic, Global Catastrophic Risks, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2008, pp. 450-480.

J. D. Koenig and C.F. Chyba (2007). Impact Deflection of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids Using Current Launch VehiclesScience and Global Security, 15 (1),  57-83.

K. P. Hand and C.F. Chyba (2007). Empirical Constraints on the Salinity of the Europan Ocean and Implications for a Thin Ice ShellIcarus,189, 424-438.

K. P. Hand, R.W. Carlson, and C.F. Chyba (2007). Energy, Chemical Disequilibrium, and Geological Constraints on Europa, Astrobiology 7, 1006-1022.

C.F. Chyba and C.B. Phillips, “Europa,” in W.T. Sullivan and J.A. Baross, Eds., Planets and Life: The Emerging Science of Astrobiology, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2007, pp. 388-423.

C. Cleland and C.F. Chyba, “Does ‘Life’ Have a Definition?” in W.T. Sullivan and J.A. Baross, Eds., Planets and Life: The Emerging Science of Astrobiology, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2007, pp. 119-131.

C.F. Chyba, “Epilogue,” in W.T. Sullivan and J.A. Baross, Eds., Planets and Life: The Emerging Science of Astrobiology, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2007, pp. 558-559.

G. Bunn and C. F. Chyba, Eds. (2006). U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy: Confronting Today's Threats. (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press).

P. J. Thomas, R. D. Hicks, C. F. Chyba, and C. P. McKay, Eds. (2006). Comets and the Origin and Evolution of Life, 2nd ed. (Berlin: Springer).

K. P. Hand, C.F. Chyba, R.W. Carlson, and J. Cooper, “Clathrate Hydrates of Oxidants in the Ice Shell of Europa,” Astrobiology vol. 6. No. 3 (2006), pp. 463-482.

C. F. Chyba (October 2006). Biotechnology and the Challenge to Arms ControlArms Control Today 36(8), 11-17.

C. F. Chyba and K. P. Hand (2005). Astrobiology: The Study of the Living UniverseAnnual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 43, 31-74.

C. F. Chyba (2005). Rethinking Earth's Early Atmosphere. Science 308, 962-963.

C. Braun and C.F. Chyba (2004). Proliferation Rings: New Challenges to the Nuclear Nonproliferation RegimeInternational Security 29 (2), 5-49.

C.F. Chyba and A.L. Greninger (Summer 2004). Biotechnology and Bioterrorism: An Unprecedented WorldSurvival 46 (2), 143-162.

R. Greeley, C.F. Chyba, J.W. Head, T. McCord, W.B. McKinnon, and R.T. Pappalardo. “Geology of Europa,” in F. Bagenal, T.E. Dowling, W.B. McKinnon, eds., Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2004), pp. 329-362.

C. E. Cleland and C. F. Chyba (2002). Defining 'Life', Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere 32, 387-393.

E. Pierazzo and C. F. Chyba (2002). Cometary Delivery of Biogenic Elements to Europa. Icarus 157, 120-127/

L. Buck, C. F. Chyba, M. Goulet, A. Smith, and P. J. Thomas (2002). Persistence of Thin Ice Regions in Europa’s Ice CrustGeophysical Research Letters 29, 12-1-12-4.

C. F. Chyba (May/June 2002). Toward Biological SecurityForeign Affairs 81(3), 122-136. Reprinted in R.D. Howard and R.L. Sawyer, eds., Terrorism and Counterterrorism: Understanding the New Security Environment (McGraw-Hill/Dushkin, Guilford Connecticut, 2002), pp. 174-184. 

C. F. Chyba (October 30, 2002). Russia's Poison GasesThe New York Times, Op-Ed.

Letters: A unified definition of biosecurity (L.A. Meyerson, J.K. Reaser, and C.F. Chyba). 2002. Science 295, 44. 

Editorial: Biological security in a changed world (C.F. Chyba). 2001. Science 293, 2349. 

C. F. Chyba and K. P. Hand (2001). Life Without Photosynthesis. Science 292, 2092.

R. L. Kovach and C. F. Chyba (2001). Seismic detectability of a subsurface ocean on EuropaIcarus 150, 279-287.

C. F. Chyba, C. B. Phillips (2001).  Possible Ecosystems and the Search for Life on EuropaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98 (3), 801-804.

C. F. Chyba (2001). Biological Terrorism and Public Health. Survival 43, 93-106. Reprinted in A. O’Day, ed., Weapons of Mass Destruction and Terrorism (Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., Aldershot, 2004), pp. 115-128. 

C. F. Chyba (August 10, 2001). Microbe Warfare Hides the EnemyThe New York Times, Op-Ed, Sec. A, p. 19.

C. F. Chyba (2001). Biological security in a changed world. Science 293, 2349.

 C. F. Chyba (May/June 2001). Building Biodefenses. Foreign Affairs 80 (3), 152.

Testimony of Christopher F. Chyba for the Hearing before the Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics, Committee on Science, on “Life in the Universe,” House of Representatives, 107th Congress, 1st session, July 12, 2001, Serial No. 107-17. 

C. F. Chyba (2000). Energy for Microbial Life on EuropaNature 403, 2001, 381-382; Correction,  Nature 406, 368.

B. Cohen and C. F. Chyba (2000). Racemization of meteoritic amino acidsIcarus, 145, 272-281.

Habitability of planets and the origin of life (C.F. Chyba, R.T. Reynolds and D.P. Whitmire). In Protostars and Planets IV. (University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 2000), pp. 1367-1395.

E. Pierazzo and C. F. Chyba (1999). Amino acid survival in large cometary impactsMeteoritics and Planetary Science 32, 909-918.

Book review: An exobiologist’s life search. (C.F. Chyba), 1999. Nature 401, 857-858. 

C. F. Chyba, S. J. Ostro, and B. C. Edwards (1998). Radar detectability of a subsurface ocean on EuropaIcarus 134, 292-302.

C. F. Chyba, G. E. van der Vink and C. B. Hennet (1998). Monitoring the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: Possible ambiguities due to meteorite impactsGeophysical Research Letters 25, 191-194.

Organic shielding of greenhouse gases on early Earth (S.L. Miller, J.R. Lyons and C.F. Chyba). 1998. Science 278, p.779a. 

C. F. Chyba (1998), Biological Terrorism, Emerging Diseases, and National Security (New York: Rockefeller Brothers Fund).

News and Views/Origins of life: Buried beginnings (C.F. Chyba). 1998. Nature 395, 329-330. 

C. Sagan and C. Chyba (1997). The early faint Sun paradox: organic shielding of ultraviolet-labile greenhouse gasesScience 276, 1217-1221.

News and Views/Origins of life: A left-handed solar system? (C.F. Chyba). 1997. Nature 389, 234-235. 

C. F. Chyba (1997). Life on Other Moons. Nature 385, 201

Carl Sagan (1934-1996) (C.F. Chyba). 1997. EOS Trans. 78(16), 167. 

News and Views/Exobiology: Life beyond Mars (C.F. Chyba). 1996. Nature 382, 576-577. 

C. F. Chyba and G. W. McDonald (1995). The Origin of Life in the Solar System: Current IssuesAnnual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 24, 215-249. Reprinted in Origins of Planets and Life (ed. J. Melosh), pp. 265-299, Annual Reviews Inc., Palo Alto, 1997. 

Impact delivery of volatiles and organic molecules to Earth. (C.F. Chyba, T.C. Owen, and W.-H. Ip). 1995. In Hazards Due to Comets and Asteroids (Ed. T. Gehrels) pp. 9-58, University of Arizona, Tucson.

Comets in other planetary systems? (C.F. Chyba). 1995. Advances in Space Research 15(3): 45-48. 

C. F. Chyba (1993).  Explosions of small Spacewatch objects in the Earth's atmosphereNature 363, 701-703.

C. F. Chyba, P. J. Thomas, and K. J. Zahnle (1993). The 1908 Tunguska explosion: atmospheric disruption of a stony asteroidNature 361, 40-44.

C. F. Chyba (1993). The violent environment of the origins of life: progress and uncertaintiesGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 573351-3358.

Production and optical constants of ice tholin from charged particle irradiation of (1:6) C2H6/H2O at 77 K (B.N. Khare, W.R. Thompson, L. Cheng, C. Chyba, C. Sagan, E.T. Arakawa, C. Meisse, and P.S. Tuminello.) 1993. Icarus 103, 290-300.

C. Chyba and C. Sagan (1992). Endogenous production, exogenous delivery and impact-shock synthesis of organic molecules: an inventory for the origins of lifeNature 355, 125-132. Reprinted in Origins of Life: The Central Concepts (eds. D.W. Deamer and G.R. Fleischaker), 123-130, Jones and Bartlett, Boston (1994). 

C. F. Chyba (1991). Terrestrial Mantle Siderophiles and the Lunar Impact RecordIcarus 92, 217-233.

C. Chyba and C. Sagan (1991). Electrical energy sources for organic synthesis on the early EarthOrigins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere 21, 3-17.

C. F. Chyba, P. J. Thomas, L. Brookshaw, and C. Sagan (1990). Cometary delivery of organic molecules to the early EarthScience 249, 366-373. Reprinted in Origins of Life: The Central Concepts (eds. D.W. Deamer and G.R. Fleischaker), 213-220, Jones and Bartlett, Boston (1994). 

C. F. Chyba (1990). Extraterrestrial amino acids and terrestrial lifeNature 348, 113-114.

C. Sagan and C. Chyba (1990). Triton's streaks as windblown dustNature 346, 546-548.

C. F. Chyba (1990). Impact Delivery and Erosion of Planetary Oceans in the Early Inner Solar System.  Nature 343, 129-133.

D. G. Jankowski, C. F. Chyba, and P. D. Nicholson (1989), On the obliquity and tidal heating of TritonIcarus 80, 211-219.

C. F. Chyba, D. G. Jankowski, and P. D. Nicholson (1989). Orbital evolution in the Neptune-Triton systemAstronomy and Astrophysics 219, L23-L26.

The heliocentric evolution of infrared cometary spectra: results from an organic grain model (C.F. Chyba, C. Sagan, and M.J. Mumma). 1989. Icarus 79, 362-381.

Solid organic residues produced by irradiation of hydrocarbon-containing H2O and H2O/NH3 ices: infrared spectroscopy and astronomical implications (B.N. Khare, W.R. Thompson, B.G.J.P.T. Murray, C.F. Chyba, C. Sagan, and E.T. Arakawa). 1989. Icarus 79, 350-361.

Smith, B. A., Soderblom, L. A., Banfield, D., Barnet, C., Basilevsky, A. T., Beebe, R. F., Bollinger, K., Boyce, J. M., Brahic, A., Briggs, G. A., Brown, R. H., Chyba, C., Collins, S. A., Colvin, T., Cook, II, A. F., Crisp, D., Croft, S. K., Cruikshank, D., Cuzzi, J. N., Danielson, G. E., Davies, M. E., De Jong, E., Dones, L., God- frey, D., Goguen, J., Grenier, I., Haemmerle, V. R., Hammel, H., Hansen, C. J., Helfenstein, C. P., Howell, C., Hunt, G. E., Ingersoll, A. P., Johnson, T. V., Kargel, J., Kirk, R., Kuehn, D. I., Limaye, S., Masursky, H., McEwen, A., Morrison, D., Owen, T., Owen, W., Pollack, J. B., Porco, C. C., Rages, K., Rogers, P., Rudy, D., Sagan, C., Schwartz, J., Shoemaker, E. M., Showalter, M., Sicardy, B., Simonelli, D., Spencer, J., Sromovsky, L. A., Stoker, C., Strom, R. G., Suomi, V. E., Synott, S. P., Terrile, R. J., Thomas, P., Thomp- son, W. R., Verbiscer, A., Veverka, J. (1989). Voyager 2 at Neptune: Imaging Science Results. Science 246, 1422–1449.

Organic cometary matter still a contentious issue (C. Chyba and C. Sagan). 1988. Nature 332, 592. 

C. F. Chyba (1987). The cometary contribution to the oceans of primitive Earth. Nature 330, 632-635.

C. Chyba and C. Sagan (1987). Infrared emission by organic grains in the coma of comet HalleyNature 330, 350-353.

Cometary organics but no evidence for bacteria (C. Chyba and C. Sagan). 1987. Nature 329, 208. 

C. F. Chyba (1985). Kaluza-Klein unified field theory and apparent four-dimensional spacetimeAmerican Journal of Physics 53, 863-872.

C. F, Chyba (1982). Time-dependent embeddings for Schwarzschild-like solutions to the gravitational field equationsJournal of Mathematical Physics 23, 1662-1667.

U.S. military-support equipment sales to the People's Republic of China (C.F. Chyba). 1981. Asian Survey 21, 469-484.

The effect of coolant loss on current leads for superconducting magnets (C. Chyba, L.G. Hyman, and L. Roberts). 1981. Cryogenics 21, 615-618.

C. Chyba (1980). The Recombinant DNA Debate and the Precedent of Leo Szilard in S. A. Lakoff, Ed., Science and Ethical Responsibility (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley), pp. 251-264.